Lotan - Figure 4

Themes

FIG. 4:  This Figure shows some of the issues that are important for understanding urine-based tumor markers. 

  • First, to date, the potential benefit of urine-based tumor markers has surpassed their actual performance. There are many potential uses for urine markers, but so far the performance has not been good enough to justify routine utilization. 
  • Second, more information is not always useful. Just because you have more information about a patient, does not mean that it changes your clinical decision-making, and that is the most important facet by which we can judge additional information. 
  • Third, tests only matter if they change outcomes or decisions for the better. It is not enough just to order a test and to get that information; it is critical for that to change what you do.