Lotan - Figure 26
Reduce Number of Cystoscopic Procedures
FIG. 26: One other potential use for urine-based biomarkers is to reduce the number of cystoscopic procedures. This is a potential use, as there have been no prospective studies. The advantage of such biomarkers is that they may reduce the frequency of cystoscopies, but this should be primarily for low-grade, early-stage tumors where progression rates are low. The disadvantage is that these may miss a recurrence, so it might be risky to do this for high-grade cancer. There is also concern for false-positive findings, which might increase patient anxiety and increase cost due to the additional workup that might be necessary.
