Witjes - Figure 39
Immuno/combinations in high-risk patients
FIG. 39: I discussed the combination of BCG plus IFNα earlier (Figure 28).[15,16] There have been other studies of IFNα, including FinnBladder-4[24] (Figure), which compared mitomycin plus BCG with BCG plus IFN-α2b. In this study there was a very clear advantage for treatment with mitomycin plus BCG, including lower recurrence rate, meaning that the combination of BCG plus IFN-α2b was less effective.
References
Lamm D, Brausi M, O'Donnell MA, Witjes JA. Interferon alfa in the treatment paradigm for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Urol Oncol. 2014;32:35.e21-35.e30 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.02.010
Rosevear HM, Lightfoot AJ, Birusingh KK, et al; National BCG/Interferon Investigator Group. Factors affecting response to bacillus Calmette-Guérin plus interferon for urothelial carcinoma in situ. J Urol. 2011;186:817−23 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.04.073
Järvinen R, Marttila T, Kaasinen E, et al; FinnBladder Group. Long-term outcome of patients with frequently recurrent non-muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma treated with one perioperative plus four weekly instillations of mitomycin C followed by monthly bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or alternating BCG and interferon-α2b instillations: prospective randomised FinnBladder-4 study. Eur Urol. 2015;68:611−7 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2015.02.022
