Witjes - Figure 41
Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH)
FIG. 41: Another immunotherapeutic drug, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) has been compared with mitomycin in a large Phase 3 randomized control trial of almost 300 patients.[26] Unfortunately, KLH appeared to be much less effective than mitomycin with respect to recurrence rate. However, although progression was rare, in the higher-risk patients there was a trend for less progression in the KLH group. So KLH might be an alternative to BCG in high-grade tumors, although it is registered in only a few countries.
References
Lammers RJ, Witjes WP, Janzing-Pastors MH, et al. Intracutaneous and intravesical immunotherapy with keyhole limpet hemocyanin compared with intravesical mitomycin in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: results from a prospective randomized Phase III trial. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30:2273−9 https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.39.2936
