Burger - Figure 14
Upstaging of Urothelial Cancer at the time of radical cystectomy
FIG. 14: Variants are clinically challenging.[7,9] They often present with uncommon symptoms. Microhematuria is the most common sign, but in many cases irritative voiding or mucusuria (passage of mucus) is the only symptom and often not recognized as a sign of the presence of bladder cancer. In addition, variants can be difficult to detect. TURB is not reliably accurate in detecting histological variants, and the pathologist may not be aware of the possibility that variant histology may be present.
References
Klaile Y, Schlack K, Boegemann M, et al. Variant histology in bladder cancer: how it should change the management in non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive disease? Transl Androl Urol. 2016;5:692−701 https://dx.doi.org/10.21037%2Ftau.2016.06.13
Seisen T, Compérat E, Léon P, Roupret M. Impact of histological variants on the outcomes of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer after transurethral resection. Curr Opin Urol. 2014;24:524−31 https://doi.org/10.1097/MOU.0000000000000086
